The working principle of solar street lights can be summarized as the following key steps:

1. Energy harvesting

Solar panels, as the core components of solar street lights, use the photovoltaic effect to convert solar energy into electricity. These panels are typically composed of multiple solar cells that efficiently absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity.

2. Electric energy storage

During the day, the energy converted by the solar panels is stored in batteries. These batteries are usually lead-acid batteries or other types of rechargeable batteries that have a large capacity to store enough electrical energy for nighttime use.

3. Intelligent control

The controller is the intelligent center of the solar street lamp, which is responsible for monitoring the battery power and controlling the switch of the LED light according to the actual situation. The controller has a variety of protection functions, such as overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, etc., to ensure the stable operation of the system.

4. Night lighting

When night falls and the light dims to a certain extent, the controller automatically detects the battery level. If the power is sufficient, the controller will activate the LED lights for lighting. LED lamps have the characteristics of high brightness, low energy consumption and long life, which is very suitable for solar street light source.

To sum up, solar street lights collect solar energy through solar panels and convert it into electricity, which is stored in batteries. At night or when the light is low, through the intelligent management of the controller, the stored electrical energy is used to light the LED lamp for lighting. This process enables an energy-efficient, environmentally friendly lighting solution that does not require an external power source and is widely used in a variety of outdoor locations.